Xylopia tomentosa Exell

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Photo: Warren McCleland
Ngonye Falls, Senanga District.

Photo: Nicholas Wightman
Makandauko Village, Luena, Kaoma Distr., Western Province

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Synonyms:	Xylopia mendoncae Exell
Common names:
Frequency:
Status:	Native
Description:	Much branched shrub or rhizomatous shrublet 0.4-3(4.5) m tall; branches reddish-brown, ± densely yellowish or brownish pubescent at first eventually becoming glabrous; leaves petiolate, petioles 2-7 mm long; leaf blades 2.4-6(8.6) x 1.2-3.5 cm, oblong-ovate or suborbicular to lanceolate or elliptic, obtuse to rounded or emarginated at apex, cuneate to truncate or subcordate at base, subcoriaceous , dull or ± glossy greyish or bluish-green and glabrous or glabrescent above, dull pale green and appressed-pubescent or densely tomentose below, with densely reticulate venation prominent on both sides; flowers solitary or in clusters of 2-10, pedicels absent or up to 2 mm long; bracteoles 2, ovate-orbicular, often forming an involucre, persistent; sepals 2-3(4) mm long, ovate or triangular-ovate, obtuse or rounded to apiculate or acute, densely brown-pubescent outside, glabrous and red-brown within; petals greenish-white to yellow, the outer ones0.5-1.3 cm long, triangular-lanceolate to linear, 2.5-4.5 mm wide at the base, golden to dark-brown-sericeous-tomentose on both sides or greyish-puberulous within except at the base, the inner ones shorter and narrower, ± unguiculate brown-tomentose to greyish-puberulous on both surfaces except at base; fruit on a pedicel 4-6 mm long; fruiting carpels 1-7, 1-3.2 x 0.7-0.9 cm, 1-6 seeded, obovoid or cylindric, ± curved and constricted between the seeds when dry, yellow-green and ± densely brown-pubescent outside, cerise within, stipes 2-4 mm long; seeds 0.6-1 cm long, ovoid-ellipsoid, orange-red, oblique, 2-seriate, entirely covered by an orange aril when fresh.
Notes:
Derivation of specific name:	tomentosa: thickly and evenly covered with short more or less appressed curled or curved matted hairs.
Habitat:	Dry woodland and scrub on Kalahari sand.
Flowering time:	(Sep)Oct - Mar
Worldwide distribution:	DAngola, DRC and Zambia.
Botswana distribution:	N
Growth form(s):	Shrub over 2 m, shrub under 2 m.
Endemic status:
Red data list status:
Insects associated with this species:
Spot characters:	Display spot characters for this species
Content last updated:	Thursday 25 February 2016
Literature:	Curtis, B.A. & Mannheimer, C.A. (2005). Tree Atlas of Namibia National Botanic Research Institute, Windhoek Page 89. Phiri, P.S.M. (2005). A Checklist of Zambian Vascular Plants Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 32 Page 23. Robson, N.K.B. (1960). Annonaceae Flora Zambesiaca 1(1) Pages 139 - 140. Setshogo, M.P. (2005). Preliminary checklist of the plants of Botswana. Sabonet Report no. 37. Sabonet, Pretoria and Gaborone Page 24. Timberlake, J.R. & Childes, S.L. (2004). Biodiversity of the Four Corners Area: Technical Reviews Volume Two (Chapter 5-15) Appendix 5-1: Plant Checklist Occasional Publications in Biodiversity 15 Page 196.

Other sources of information about Xylopia tomentosa:

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Flora of Caprivi: Xylopia tomentosa
Flora of Zambia: Xylopia tomentosa

External websites:

African Plants: A Photo Guide (Senckenberg): Xylopia tomentosa
BHL (Biodiversity Heritage Library): Xylopia tomentosa
EOL (Encyclopedia of Life): Xylopia tomentosa
GBIF (Global Biodiversity Information Facility): Xylopia tomentosa
Google: Web - Images - Scholar
iNaturalist: Xylopia tomentosa
IPNI (International Plant Names Index): Xylopia tomentosa
JSTOR Plant Science: Xylopia tomentosa
Mansfeld World Database of Agricultural and Horticultural Crops: Xylopia tomentosa
Plants of the World Online: Xylopia tomentosa
Tropicos: Xylopia tomentosa
Wikipedia: Xylopia tomentosa