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Oryza longistaminata
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Photo: Bart Wursten
Katombora, 2nd embarcation point
Photo: Bart Wursten
Katombora, 2nd embarcation point
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| Synonyms: |
Oryza barthii sensu auct., non. A. Chev. Oryza perennis sensu Wild, sensu Napper, non Moench. Oryza sylvestris A. Chev. |
| Common names: | Wild rice (English) |
| Frequency: | |
| Status: | Native |
| Description: |
A robust perennial with long creeping branched rhizomes. Culms up to 250 cm. tall or more, up to 2·5 cm. or more in diam., (2)4-10-noded, erect or ascending, sometimes floating, weak, spongy, the submerged parts whitish, developing aerial roots from the nodes, glabrous, smooth. Leaf-sheaths scarious, spongy, usually tessellate, pale-green to brownish, shorter or nearly as long as the internodes, with up to 15 mm. long narrow auricles at the mouth, glabrous, smooth. Ligule (0·8)1·5-5·5 cm. long, narrowly triangular, acute. Leaf-laminae 10-75 × 0·5-2·5 cm., linear, linear-lanceolate to very narrowly elliptic, broadest below the middle, acuminate, bright to dark green, somewhat flaccid, asperulous on the upper, smooth or somewhat asperulous on the lower surface, usually scabrous along the margins, glabrous, midrib often indistinct. Panicle 16-40 × 2·5-8 cm., narrowly oblong to narrowly elliptic in outline, erect or slightly drooping, dense, many-flowered; rhachis obtusely angular, usually smooth, glabrous; branches obliquely ascending to nearly erect, somewhat stiff, angular, scaberulous, glabrous but usually with a tuft of short hairs at the very base. Pedicels 0·5-4(-7) mm. long, stout, angular, scabrous or smooth. Spikelets 7-12(-15) mm long (excl. awn) and 2-3 mm. wide, deciduous, obliquely attached to the pedicel, asymmetrically elliptic-oblong in lateral view, pale-green to brownish. Glumes reduced to a narrow membranous rim. Sterile lemmas nearly equal in shape and size, (2)2·5-3·8(-4·5) mm long, lanceolate to broadly lanceolate, acute to acuminate, sometimes 3-dentate with the central tooth dominating the lateral (see fig. D.1), glabrous, smooth. Fertile lemma slightly shorter than the spikelet, cymbiform, semi-elliptic-oblong, coriaceous; flanks finely tessellate, stiffly hispid to a varying degree; keels usually stiffly ciliate towards the apex; lateral apical protrusions mostly distinct; awn (2·6)4-7·5 cm long, rather slender, straight or slightly wavy, usually pink when fresh (at least in the upper part) or often purplish, scabrous with short stiff forward-directed bristles. Palea slightly shorter than the lemma and much narrower but of the same consistency and indument; apex acute or tapering into a subacute point, somewhat outwardly curved. Stamens 6; anthers 4·5-5·5 mm long, linear-oblong. Stigmas blackish. Caryopsis 7·5-8·5 mm long, oblong in lateral view, glabrous, light-brown, glossy. |
| Notes: | |
| Derivation of specific name: | |
| Habitat: | In shallow water, stagnant or slow running, in swamp, floodplains, along rivers, dams and as a weed among cultivated rice. |
| Flowering time: | |
| Worldwide distribution: | Widespread in tropical Africa. |
| Botswana distribution: | N |
| Growth form(s): | |
| Endemic status: | |
| Red data list status: | |
| Insects associated with this species: | |
| Spot characters: | Display spot characters for this species |
| Literature: |
Launert, E. (1971). Poaceae Flora Zambesiaca 10(1) Pages 33 - 36. (Includes a picture). Mapaura, A. & Timberlake, J. (eds) (2004). A checklist of Zimbabwean vascular plants Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 33 Sabonet, Pretoria and Harare Page 107. Roodt, V. (2015). Grasses & Grazers of Botswana and the surrounding savanna Struik Nature, South Africa Pages 156 - 157. (Includes a picture). Setshogo, M.P. (2005). Preliminary checklist of the plants of Botswana. Sabonet Report no. 37. Sabonet, Pretoria and Gaborone Page 141. Timberlake, J.R. & Childes, S.L. (2004). Biodiversity of the Four Corners Area: Technical Reviews Volume Two (Chapter 5-15) Appendix 5-1: Plant Checklist Occasional Publications in Biodiversity 15 Page 191. |
Other sources of information about Oryza longistaminata:
Our websites:
Flora of Burundi: Oryza longistaminataFlora of Caprivi: Oryza longistaminata
Flora of Malawi: Oryza longistaminata
Flora of Mozambique: Oryza longistaminata
Flora of Zambia: Oryza longistaminata
Flora of Zimbabwe: Oryza longistaminata
External websites:
African Plants: A Photo Guide (Senckenberg): Oryza longistaminataBHL (Biodiversity Heritage Library): Oryza longistaminata
EOL (Encyclopedia of Life): Oryza longistaminata
GBIF (Global Biodiversity Information Facility): Oryza longistaminata
Google: Web - Images - Scholar
iNaturalist: Oryza longistaminata
IPNI (International Plant Names Index): Oryza longistaminata
JSTOR Plant Science: Oryza longistaminata
Mansfeld World Database of Agricultural and Horticultural Crops: Oryza longistaminata
Plants of the World Online: Oryza longistaminata
Tropicos: Oryza longistaminata
Wikipedia: Oryza longistaminata
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