Schizachyrium sanguineum (Retz.) Alston

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Photo: Sune Holt
Faiquete, Vilanculos, Inhambane, Mozambique

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Synonyms:	Andropogon semiberbis (Nees) Kunth Rottboellia sanguinea Retz Schizachyrium lindiense Pilg. Schizachyrium semiberbe Nees
Common names:
Frequency:
Status:	Native
Description:	Loosely caespitose perennial, eventually reddish throughout; culms up to 160 cm high, erect, branched; internodes terete. Leaf sheaths both shorter and longer than the internodes, occasionally villous towards the top; laminas 12.5–30 mm × 2.5–6 mm, keeled, tapering to a fine point at the apex. Racemes 4–18 cm long, exserted from the linear spatheoles, occasionally long-exserted; peduncles longer than the racemes; internodes and pedicels flattened, usually ciliate along both margins with hairs 2.5–4 mm long. Sessile spikelet 5.5–10 mm long, 1/2 as long again as the pedicel, narrowly lanceolate, laterally compressed, pointed at the base; inferior glume strongly convex, glabrous; superior lemma bifid in the upper 3/4; awn 10–22 mm long, geniculate; anthers 2.5–3.8 mm long. Pedicelled spikelet male or occasionally sterile, 4–7 mm long; inferior glume with an awn 1–4 mm long; anthers 1.3–2.3 mm long.
Notes:
Derivation of specific name:
Habitat:	Sandy, gravelly and rocky soils in open woodland and grassland, and as a weed of cultivated fields
Flowering time:
Worldwide distribution:	Pantropical
Botswana distribution:	N,SE
Growth form(s):
Endemic status:
Red data list status:
Insects associated with this species:
Spot characters:	Display spot characters for this species
Literature:	Chapano, C. & Mugarisanwa, N.H. (2003). Plants of the Matobo District National Herbarium and Botanic Garden, Zimbabwe Page 32. Cope, T.A. (2002). Poaceae Flora Zambesiaca 10(4) Pages 83 - 85. (Includes a picture). Mapaura, A. & Timberlake, J. (eds) (2004). A checklist of Zimbabwean vascular plants Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 33 Sabonet, Pretoria and Harare Page 109. Setshogo, M.P. (2005). Preliminary checklist of the plants of Botswana. Sabonet Report no. 37. Sabonet, Pretoria and Gaborone Page 144. Timberlake, J.R. & Childes, S.L. (2004). Biodiversity of the Four Corners Area: Technical Reviews Volume Two (Chapter 5-15) Appendix 5-1: Plant Checklist Occasional Publications in Biodiversity 15 Page 192. Wursten, B., Timberlake, J. & Darbyshire, I. (2017). The Chimanimani Mountains: an updated checklist. Kirkia 19(1) Page 86.

Other sources of information about Schizachyrium sanguineum:

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Flora of Caprivi: Schizachyrium sanguineum
Flora of Mozambique: Schizachyrium sanguineum
Flora of Zambia: Schizachyrium sanguineum
Flora of Zimbabwe: Schizachyrium sanguineum

External websites:

African Plants: A Photo Guide (Senckenberg): Schizachyrium sanguineum
African Plant Database: Schizachyrium sanguineum
BHL (Biodiversity Heritage Library): Schizachyrium sanguineum
EOL (Encyclopedia of Life): Schizachyrium sanguineum
GBIF (Global Biodiversity Information Facility): Schizachyrium sanguineum
Google: Web - Images - Scholar
iNaturalist: Schizachyrium sanguineum
IPNI (International Plant Names Index): Schizachyrium sanguineum
JSTOR Plant Science: Schizachyrium sanguineum
Mansfeld World Database of Agricultural and Horticultural Crops: Schizachyrium sanguineum
Plants of the World Online: Schizachyrium sanguineum
Tropicos: Schizachyrium sanguineum
Wikipedia: Schizachyrium sanguineum