Habenaria subarmata Rchb. f.

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Photo: Caroline Conradie
Mutiwila Farm, Kabwe Distr., Central Province, Zambia

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Synonyms:
Common names:
Frequency:
Status:	Doubtful
Description:	Terrestrial herb 30–60 cm tall growing from globose tubers 1–2 cm long; stem erect, with 2 basal leaves and 6–10 bract-like leaves along its length; basal leaves appressed to the ground, 7.5–16 × 7–22 cm,reniform to suborbicular, apiculate to slightly emarginate, pale green, rather fleshy; bract-like leaves up to 5 cm long; inflorescence 10–27 × 5–9 cm, densely 12- to many-flowered; bracts 10–20 mm long, lanceolate, acute; flowers white, semi-erect or spreading; pedicel 10 mm long, ovary 25–30 cm long with 6 lightly toothed keels; dorsal sepal erect, 7.5–11 × 4–6 mm, ovate, convex; lateral sepals reflexed, 10–12 × 4–6 mm, very obliquely ovate; petals 2-lobed ± to base; posterior lobe 7.5–9.5 × c. 1 mm, linear, lying beside dorsal sepal; anterior lobe 25–40 mm long, filiform, spreading or deflexed; lip 3-lobed to 1–2 mm from base; mid-lobe 12–18 × 1 mm, linear, deflexed; side lobes 25–50 mm long, filiform, ± deflexed; spur 5–7.5 cm long, slender, incurved.
Notes:	Questionably listed in Setshogo, 2005 (Sabonet Report 37) but not found for Botswana in other literature. The species has been recorded from the Caprivi Area in Namibia very close to the Botswana border so it is not impossible the species could occur.
Derivation of specific name:	subarmata: somewhat equipped/armed,
Habitat:
Flowering time:	Jan - Mar
Worldwide distribution:	Somalia south though Kenya, Tanzania, DRC, Zambia, Malawi, Mozambique and Zimbabwe to Namibia (Caprivi Strip)
Botswana distribution:	N?
Growth form(s):	Terrestrial.
Endemic status:
Red data list status:
Insects associated with this species:
Spot characters:	Display spot characters for this species
Literature:	Fibeck, W. & Dare, M. (1993). Terrestrial Orchids in Zimbabwe. Excelsa 16 Page 65. Grosvenor, R.K. (1976). A list of orchids indigenous in Rhodesia. Excelsa 6 Page 83. La Croix, I. & Cribb, P.J. (1995). Orchidaceae (Part 1) Flora Zambesiaca 11(1) Page 134. (Includes a picture). La Croix, I. et al. (1991). Orchids of Malawi A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam Page 98. (Includes a picture). Mapaura, A. & Timberlake, J. (eds) (2004). A checklist of Zimbabwean vascular plants Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 33 Sabonet, Pretoria and Harare Page 96. Phiri, P.S.M. (2005). A Checklist of Zambian Vascular Plants Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 32 Page 122. Schelpe, E.A.C.L.E. (1976). A Provisional Checklist of the Orchidaceae of Mozambique South African Journal of Botany 42(4) Page 390. Setshogo, M.P. (2005). Preliminary checklist of the plants of Botswana. Sabonet Report no. 37. Sabonet, Pretoria and Gaborone Page 128. Stewart, J. & Campbell, B. (1996). Orchids of Kenya Timber Press Inc, Portland Oregon, USA ISBN0-88192-357-5 Page 141. Williamson, G. (1977). The Orchids of South Central Africa J.M. Dent & Sons Ltd., London. Pages 64 - 65. (Includes a picture).

Other sources of information about Habenaria subarmata:

Our websites:

Flora of Caprivi: Habenaria subarmata
Flora of Malawi: Habenaria subarmata
Flora of Mozambique: Habenaria subarmata
Flora of Zambia: Habenaria subarmata
Flora of Zimbabwe: Habenaria subarmata

External websites:

African Plants: A Photo Guide (Senckenberg): Habenaria subarmata
African Plant Database: Habenaria subarmata
BHL (Biodiversity Heritage Library): Habenaria subarmata
EOL (Encyclopedia of Life): Habenaria subarmata
GBIF (Global Biodiversity Information Facility): Habenaria subarmata
Google: Web - Images - Scholar
iNaturalist: Habenaria subarmata
IPNI (International Plant Names Index): Habenaria subarmata
JSTOR Plant Science: Habenaria subarmata
Mansfeld World Database of Agricultural and Horticultural Crops: Habenaria subarmata
Plants of the World Online: Habenaria subarmata
Tropicos: Habenaria subarmata
Wikipedia: Habenaria subarmata