Hippocratea africana (Willd.) Loes.
var. richardiana (Cambess.) N. Robson

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Photo: Bart Wursten
Island 2, Katombora, Zambezi

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Synonyms:	Loeseneriella africana (Willd.) N. Hallé var. richardiana (Cambess.) N. Hallé
Common names:	African paddle-pod (English)
Frequency:
Status:
Description:	Scandent shrub or liane up to 15 m long. Young branchlets green, 4-angled. Leaves opposite, obovate, oblong to broadly elliptic, rounded or slightly notched at the apex, venation prominent; margins entire or serrated, often rolled under, extending along the petiole. Flowers in axillary and terminal clusters, green; pollen and stigma conspicuously orange to red. Fruit 1-3 paddle-shaped pods, smooth or slightly striated.
Notes:
Derivation of specific name:	africana: African
Habitat:	In riverine forest and thickets.
Flowering time:	Sep - Jan
Worldwide distribution:	Widespread in Tropical and Southern Africa.
Botswana distribution:	N
Growth form(s):
Endemic status:
Red data list status:
Insects associated with this species:	Nepheronia thalassina sinalata (Food plant)
Spot characters:	Display spot characters for this species
Literature:	Burrows, J.E., Burrows, S.M., Lötter, M.C. & Schmidt, E. (2018). Trees and Shrubs Mozambique Publishing Print Matters (Pty), Cape Town. Page 515. (Includes a picture). Chapano, C. & Mamuto, M. (2003). Plants of the Chimanimani District National Herbarium and Botanic Garden, Zimbabwe Page 32. Drummond, R.B. (1975). A list of trees, shrubs and woody climbers indigenous or naturalised in Rhodesia. Kirkia 10(1) Page 255. Heath, A. & Heath, R. (2009). Field Guide to the Plants of Northern Botswana including the Okavango Delta Kew Publishing Page 80. as Loeseneriella africana richardiana (Includes a picture). Mapaura, A. & Timberlake, J. (eds) (2004). A checklist of Zimbabwean vascular plants Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 33 Sabonet, Pretoria and Harare Page 33. Robson, N.K.B. (1966). Celastraceae Flora Zambesiaca 2(2) Pages 408 - 410. Setshogo, M.P. (2005). Preliminary checklist of the plants of Botswana. Sabonet Report no. 37. Sabonet, Pretoria and Gaborone Page 45. as Loeseneriella africana richardiana Timberlake, J.R. & Childes, S.L. (2004). Biodiversity of the Four Corners Area: Technical Reviews Volume Two (Chapter 5-15) Appendix 5-1: Plant Checklist Occasional Publications in Biodiversity 15 Page 203. As Loesneriella africana richardiana

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Flora of Caprivi: Hippocratea africana var. richardiana
Flora of Malawi: Hippocratea africana var. richardiana
Flora of Mozambique: Hippocratea africana var. richardiana
Flora of Zambia: Hippocratea africana var. richardiana
Flora of Zimbabwe: Hippocratea africana var. richardiana

External websites:

African Plants: A Photo Guide (Senckenberg): Hippocratea africana
African Plant Database: Hippocratea africana
BHL (Biodiversity Heritage Library): Hippocratea africana
EOL (Encyclopedia of Life): Hippocratea africana
GBIF (Global Biodiversity Information Facility): Hippocratea africana
Google: Web - Images - Scholar
iNaturalist: Hippocratea africana
IPNI (International Plant Names Index): Hippocratea africana
JSTOR Plant Science: Hippocratea africana
Mansfeld World Database of Agricultural and Horticultural Crops: Hippocratea africana
Plants of the World Online: Hippocratea africana
Tropicos: Hippocratea africana
Wikipedia: Hippocratea africana