Heliotropium ciliatum Kaplan

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Photo: Bart Wursten
Near Shashe Wilderness Camp, Shashe River

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Synonyms:	Heliotropium tuberculosum (Cham.) Gürke Tournefortia tuberculosa Cham.
Common names:
Frequency:
Status:	Native
Description:	Erect perennial herb, up to 80 cm, branching from a rhizomatous base. Leaves lanceolate to ovate, 2-5 cm long with hard short appressed hairs above and on the veins below, somewhat asymmetric and often decurrent onto the petiole; petiole up to 2 cm long. Flowers in curled elongating inflorescences, eventually up to 19 cm long, white with triangular-acuminate lobes. Fruits saddle-shaped at the apex, tuberculate-crested, c. 4 × 5 × 4 mm, hairless.
Notes:
Derivation of specific name:	ciliatum: fringed with hairs; ciliate
Habitat:
Flowering time:	Sep - Feb
Worldwide distribution:	Angola, Botswana, Mozambique, Namibia, Zimbabwe, South Africa.
Botswana distribution:	N,SW,SE
Growth form(s):
Endemic status:
Red data list status:
Insects associated with this species:
Spot characters:	Display spot characters for this species
Literature:	Chapano, C. & Mugarisanwa, N.H. (2003). Plants of the Matobo District National Herbarium and Botanic Garden, Zimbabwe Page 20. Heath, A. & Heath, R. (2009). Field Guide to the Plants of Northern Botswana including the Okavango Delta Kew Publishing Page 353. (Includes a picture). Kirby, G. (2013). Wild Flowers of Southeast Botswana Struik Nature, Cape Town South Africa Page 70. (Includes a picture). Mapaura, A. & Timberlake, J. (eds) (2004). A checklist of Zimbabwean vascular plants Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 33 Sabonet, Pretoria and Harare Page 30. Martins, E.S. (1990). Boraginaceae Flora Zambesiaca 7(4) Pages 88 - 89. (Includes a picture). Setshogo, M.P. (2005). Preliminary checklist of the plants of Botswana. Sabonet Report no. 37. Sabonet, Pretoria and Gaborone Page 40.

Other sources of information about Heliotropium ciliatum:

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Flora of Mozambique: Heliotropium ciliatum
Flora of Zimbabwe: Heliotropium ciliatum

External websites:

African Plants: A Photo Guide (Senckenberg): Heliotropium ciliatum
African Plant Database: Heliotropium ciliatum
BHL (Biodiversity Heritage Library): Heliotropium ciliatum
EOL (Encyclopedia of Life): Heliotropium ciliatum
GBIF (Global Biodiversity Information Facility): Heliotropium ciliatum
Google: Web - Images - Scholar
iNaturalist: Heliotropium ciliatum
IPNI (International Plant Names Index): Heliotropium ciliatum
JSTOR Plant Science: Heliotropium ciliatum
Mansfeld World Database of Agricultural and Horticultural Crops: Heliotropium ciliatum
Plants of the World Online: Heliotropium ciliatum
Tropicos: Heliotropium ciliatum
Wikipedia: Heliotropium ciliatum